A tree growing near Syracuse, New York, was dated to 458 years old in the late 1980s and trees in Michigan and Wisconsin were dated to roughly 500 years old. Mature trees are often 200–250 years old, and some live over 400 years. Eastern white pine is self-fertile, but seeds produced this way tend to result in weak, stunted, and malformed seedlings. The branches are spaced about every 18 inches on the trunk with five or six branches appearing like spokes on a wagon wheel. Cone production peaks every 3 to 5 years. The seeds are 4–5 mm ( 5⁄ 32– 3⁄ 16 in) long, with a slender 15–20 mm ( 5⁄ 8– 3⁄ 4 in) wing, and are dispersed by wind. The seed cones are slender, 8–16 cm ( 3 + 1⁄ 4– 6 + 1⁄ 4 in) long (rarely longer than that) and 4–5 cm ( 1 + 1⁄ 2–2 in) broad when open, and have scales with a rounded apex and slightly reflexed tip, often resinous. The leaves are flexible, bluish-green, finely serrated, and 5–13 cm (2–5 in) long. Like most members of the white pine group, Pinus subgenus Strobus, the leaves ("needles") are coniferous, occurring in fascicles (bundles) of five, or rarely three or four, with a deciduous sheath. It has spread from specimens planted as ornamental trees.
strobus is now naturalizing in the Outer Western Carpathians subdivision of the Carpathian Mountains in Czech Republic and southern Poland. The tall stands in Mohawk Trail State Forest and William Cullen Bryant Homestead in Massachusetts are examples.Īs an introduced species, P. Many sites with conspicuously large specimens represent advanced old-field ecological succession. Small groves or individual specimens of old-growth eastern white pines are found across the range of the species in the USA, including in Ordway Grove, Maine Ice Glen, Massachusetts and Adirondack Park, New York. Other protected areas with known virgin forests, as confirmed by the Eastern Native Tree Society, include Algonquin Provincial Park, Quetico Provincial Park, Algoma Highlands in Ontario, and Sainte-Marguerite River Old Forest in Quebec, Canada Estivant Pines, Huron Mountains, Porcupine Mountains State Park, and Sylvania Wilderness Area in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, United States Hartwick Pines State Park in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan Menominee Indian Reservation in Wisconsin Lost 40 Scientific and Natural Area (SNA) and Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness in Minnesota White Pines State Park, Illinois Cook Forest State Park, Hearts Content Scenic Area, and Anders Run Natural Area in Pennsylvania and the Linville Gorge Wilderness in North Carolina, United States. Old-growth forests, or virgin stands, are protected in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Only 1% of the old-growth forests remain after the extensive logging operations from the 18th century to early 20th century. Įastern white pine forests originally covered much of north-central and northeastern North America. įossilized white pine leaves and pollen have been discovered by Brian Axsmith, a paleobotanist at the University of South Alabama, in the Gulf Coastal Plain, where the tree no longer occurs. It provides food and shelter for numerous forest birds, such as the red crossbill, and small mammals such as squirrels. In mixed forests, this dominant tree towers over many others, including some of the large broadleaf hardwoods. It prefers well-drained or sandy soils and humid climates, but can also grow in boggy areas and rocky highlands. strobus is found in the nearctic temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome of eastern North America.
0 kommentar(er)
